This study was conducted at the request of the RATP and the City of Paris (Time Office and Department of Roads and Mobility).

This exploratory study reviews the profound transformations in society that have made nighttime a time like any other and highlights the specific challenges facing Paris: its history and image, its population, and its urban organization. It then provides a detailed analysis of the characteristics and parameters of Parisian nightlife: the activity-generating hubs, the nature of these activities, and finally the observed mobility patterns.